Tooth extraction is a dental procedure in which a tooth is removed from its socket in the bone. This procedure is commonly performed when a tooth is severely damaged or decayed, or if it poses a risk to overall oral health. Extraction may also be necessary to address issues such as impacted teeth, overcrowding, or to facilitate orthodontic treatment. The procedure involves numbing the area around the tooth with local anesthesia, loosening the tooth using specialized instruments, and then carefully removing it from the socket. The primary indications for tooth extraction include advanced tooth decay that cannot be repaired with restorative treatments, severe periodontal disease that compromises tooth stability, or trauma that results in irreparable damage. Extracting a tooth can also be a preventative measure to avoid complications associated with crowded or misaligned teeth. Complications associated with tooth extraction can include infection at the extraction site, bleeding, or damage to adjacent teeth or bone structures. Other potential issues are dry socket, a painful condition where the blood clot at the extraction site is dislodged or dissolves prematurely, and delayed healing or bone growth. Long-term complications might involve changes in bite alignment or the need for further dental work to replace the extracted tooth, such as implants, bridges, or dentures. Despite these risks, tooth extraction is a common and generally safe procedure when performed by a qualified dental professional, and proper postoperative care is essential for minimizing complications and ensuring effective healing.
